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Circular economy and the goals of sustainability
Goswami, Sanya
In recent years, the idea of a circular economy has drawn more and more attention as a means of advancing sustainable development and minimizing waste. The conventional linear economy, which is founded on a "take-make-dispose" concept, is opposed by the circular economy. The circular economy, in contrast, is focused on the ideas of minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency by reducing, reusing, and recycling resources. This diploma thesis will give a general overview of the circular economy and some of its possible sustainability advantages. It will cover the main forces behind the circular economy, such as the lack of resources, environmental issues, and business potential. It will address the role of policy and legislation in creating a circular economy as well as the difficulties and hindrances to its implementation. Overall, the thesis will emphasize on the circular economy's potential to support sustainable development and advocates for further study and cooperation to advance this idea. A research agenda for advancing the circular economy will be presented, outlining the necessity of interdisciplinary study, empirical research, and policy intervention evaluation.
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The demand for sustainability in Ghana (a case study of eradicating poverty by means of achieving gender equality and empowering women and girls)
Sossoe, Anita
The demand for sustainability has become a crucial topic within modern society, as individuals, businesses, and governments alike recognize the importance of preserving the country for future generations. One of the major problems in attaining sustainability in Ghana relates to poverty. This study aims to examine the impact of gender equality and empowerment of women and girls contribute to reducing and eradicating poverty in the country. Data spanning the period 2001–2021, obtained from the Ghana Statistical Service and diverse academic journals, included a variety of female indicators that were used as independent variables to analyze dependent variables that impacted characteristics related to poverty. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound testing approach, which was created by Pesaran et al. (2001), was utilized in the investigation to ascertain whether a sustained link existed within the series. Results indicate that women who are educated positively affect all dependent variables used as factors that determine poverty and those in political sectors affecting most of them. Women's representation in the labor force, however, had no effect on the dependent variables. The study concluded the need to educate and empower more women and girls, especially in the rural areas and the Northern region. It also recommended the need for government and other agencies to review women who are in the labour force; perhaps most of them are not employed or have a low standard of living.
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Naplňování cílů udržitelného rozvoje veřejných vysokých škol v České republice
Horáková, Vladěna
The bachelor thesis deals with sustainable development of public universities in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to find out how universities are meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to identify their weaknesses in this area based on a comparison with leading international universities and to propose recommendations for improvement. The data were provided in the form of mapping forms by the UNILEAD project and subsequently processed through qualitative research in the MAXQDA program. Analysis of the data revealed that meeting of the goals varied across areas and from a university-wide perspective was mostly in the initiation phase. Through the output of the forms and comparison with leading international universities were identified weaknesses in their operational activities, particularly lack of finance and human resources, lack of strategy and responsible person, and inconsistency. In relation to the weaknesses were proposed recommendations to eliminate them – the establishment of a new position of sustainability manager or sustainability team and drawing up a strategic plan for sustainability. Once these steps are implemented, universities should see improvements in their sustainability performance.
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Vplyv ekonomického vývoja na emisie skleníkových plynov v EÚ
Muchaničová, Júlia
Muchaničová, J. Influence of economic performance on greenhouse gas emissions in EU. Thesis. Brno: Mendel university in Brno, 2023. The diploma thesis focuses on the identification of economic determinants, which influence CO2 emissions and thus also on the fulfillment of the relevant goals of sustainable development. The analysis is created through indicators such as gross domestic product per capita, energy consumption, crude oil prices and foreign trade. The first part of the work deals with an overview of the literature on the given topic. The issue of sustainable development and the relationship between economic growth and the quality of the environment is summarized. The empirical part consists of three chapters. A general model, the Environmental Kuznets Curve model, and also will be created the analysis of the lag of economic growth on the environment.
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Principy cirkulární ekonomiky v provozu školy
ČAPKOVÁ, Markéta
The main goal of this diploma thesis is to find out the current regulations and methodologies concerning the circular economy in educational institutions and at the same time to suggest how the operation of a school can introduce the principles of the circular economy into their daily operation. A partial goal is to create a general manual, according to which the schools involved could switch to circular economy by simple steps.
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Assessing the implementation of the health-focused Sustainable Development Goals in low-income countries
Ratajová, Natalie ; Hasman, Jiří (advisor) ; Preis, Jiří (referee)
The thesis examines the success of meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the example of 46 countries among least developed countries in the world. Specifically, the thesis focuses on SDGs dedicated to health - SDG 3.1. and SDG 3.2. and their indicators. Based on the research questions, key strategies for achieving the goals in the monitored group of countries are presented. The following chapter is an evaluation of selected parameters and their indicators. Six most successful countries are selected based on the last research question (the countries with the most progress in the worst-performing indicator). Their example shows the established interventions that have helped the countries the most. The motivation for this focus of work is the topicality and lack of other documentation of this topic. The SDGs are now in their midst, and few literature analyzes SDG 3, which I have chosen in the least developed group of the world. The text is based on the findings of the SDGs and their context in the monitored countries. For the needs of the thesis, a lot of data from various data sources were processed, from which research questions were evaluated. The analysis confirmed the improvement of values in the monitored SDG indicators in the least developed countries of the world. However, there...
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Decent Work and Economic Growth-Analysis of the Sustainable Development Goal 8
Letovská, Vendula ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kopečná, Vědunka (referee)
Sustainable Development Goals are focused on international cooperation in the field of socioeconomic, political and environmental issues. This bachelor's thesis deals with Goal 8, which promotes achievement of sustainable economic growth, decent work and full employment, and examines three indicators of the goal: annual growth of GDP per capita, domestic material consumption and the rate of unemployment. Thesis is based on the panel data analysis of 132 countries, which were obtained from the World Bank and Sustainable Development Goals databases for selected variables as observed in the time period of 2000 - 2019. According to the regression results, variables education, inflation, adjusted net savings and unemployment rate report significant effects on the annual growth of GDP per capita. Similarly, unemployment rate is strongly affected by the level of obtained education and inflation, as well as by the growth of population and GDP per capita. Inference of domestic material consumption did not uncover any statistically significant variables. Evaluation of the best-fitted forecast models does not predict a strong probability of actually fulfilling the goal or at least its sub targets by the agreed deadline. Thus the Goal 8 proves to be difficult to achieve only a few years after the introduction...
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Sustainable Development Goal Nr. 1: End of Poverty
Komorová, Anežka ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Fanta, Nicolas (referee)
Nowadays, the question of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) seems to get more and more attention. This bachelor thesis focuses on the first goal - end poverty in all its forms everywhere. There is a great number of literature which examines possible determinants of poverty in order to create effective strategies to fight witht it. Majority of them focuses on the study in particular countries or regions since their data are easier to access. On the contrary, this thesis examines variables and their effect on extreme poverty in the world with the use of the econometric analysis on panel data. There are seven independent variables used: GDP per capita, Gini index as a proxy variable for income inequality, population growth and four education attainment levels - no education, primary, secondary and tertiary. The World Bank was chosen as the primary source of data with a great number of observations from 125 countries over time period of 2000 and 2017. According to the results of the study, explanatory variables GDP per capita, income inequality, no education and tertiary education significantly affect extreme poverty. Also, the results show that the goal of 0 % is unlikely to be fulfilled by the year of 2030. To sum up, the first goal of the SDGs turned out as too ambitious. For its...
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Sustainable Development Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy Panel Data Analysis
Křížková, Alžběta ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Moravcová, Michala (referee)
This thesis analyses the seventh Sustainable Development Goal: Affordable and Clean Energy. Four empirical models are built, each for one indicator. They are then evaluated using panel data analysis for all member states of the UN. The research question it seeks to answer is: "What characteristics have major impact on providing electric energy and other energy related benefits?" We found that in most of the cases, the proportion of urban population and the Human Development Index have a major impact on the indicators. Unlike any previous study dealing with similar topics, this paper analyses the whole goal with its four indicators, not just one particular energy aspect. That allows us to look for interconnection and common features between indicators and their influences.
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Analysis of Health Quality Indicators in the Framework of Sustainable Development Goals
Šanderová, Lucie ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Aliyev, Shahriyar (referee)
This thesis studies two indicators of good health and well-being embedded in the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development; suicide mortality rate and harmful use of alcohol. Firstly, socio-economic determinants of suicide mortality rate and alcohol per capita consumption in countries of the European Union are analysed. As an econometric approach, panel data methods are utilized. Among selected economic and socio-demographic variables, suicide mortality rate is found sensitive to unemployment rate, whilst economic growth, fertility rate and female labour participation rate are concluded not have a significant impact. Model of alcohol consumption confirms relatively higher sensitivity to changing income than to alcohol price level. First differencing estimation produces income and price elasticity within range of prior estimates. Secondly, an ARIMA forecast is performed for the EU and its member states to assess current prospects of attaining targets corresponding to the two health quality indicators in question by year 2030. For the EU collectively, forecasts suggest rather favourable development, although considerable disparities are present among individual member states.
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